Observe the anaesthetic effection of shortening and traditional preoperative time of fasting and forbidding water for electivesurgery patients in painless induced abortion
ZHENG Gui-yong, LIANG Li-yu, LU Xiang-hang.
Department of Anesthesiology, Dalang Peoples Hospital ofDongguan City, Guangdong 523770,China
【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of shortening and traditional preoperative time of fasting and forbidding water for electivesurgerypatientsinpainlessinducedabortion.Methods 200 woman patients in painlessinducedabortion were randomly divided into two groups (n=100 each).Experimental group (group A) fasting 6~8 h and forbidding water 2~3 h before operation,Control group (group B) fasting 12 h and forbidding water 6 h before operation. All patients were general anesthesia by injection with butorphanol, propfol and penehyclidine.The changes of patients blood pressure, heart rate and the pulse and saturation oxygen(SPO2) were observed respectively before operation (T0) and 1 min (T1), 5 min (T2) and 10 min (T3) after operation, the side effects, average dosage of propfol and recover time were observed too. Results The MAP and SPO2 on T1 were significantly lower than on T0 in two groups,but HR onT1 was higher than on T0 in two groups (P<0.05). Group A had 18% patients and group B had 47% patients in SPO2on T1 were significantly lower than 95%, group A had 5% and group B had 23% patients on T2 were still lower than 95% (P<0.05). Group A compare with group B, in average dosage of propfol group A was (2.5±0.5)mg/kg,but group B was (1.9±0.4)mg/kg(P<0.05), and inaverage recover time group A was (6.5±2.4)min while group B was(12.0±6.5)min(P<0.05). Conclusion It is safety and feasibility inpainlessinducedabortion by forbidding edible solid food 8 h and water 2 h before operation, and it can lower discomfort reaction, improve the patients endurance for operation and anesthesia.
【Key words】
Preoperative time; Fasting and forbidding water; Painlessinducedabortion;Anaesthetic effection
术前禁食禁饮是外科手术患者麻醉前准备的重要内容之一,我国择期手术患者术前禁食禁饮一直采用1946年Mendelson提出的标准,即成年人术前禁食12 h,禁饮4 h[1 2]。长时间的禁食禁饮会给患者带来心理和生理上的潜在危害,为提高患者的舒适度和手术麻醉的安全性,结合目前国内外一些医院的术前禁食禁饮方法,我们选择了择期行人工流产术部分患者进行缩短禁食禁饮时间的研究,报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选择要求施行无痛人工流产,且无人工流产禁忌证,无心血管疾病、生殖器官畸形及药物过敏史者200例,年龄19~32岁,孕龄38~69 d,体重46~65 kg。随机分为两组,实验组(A组,麻醉前口服100~200 ml糖水或葡萄糖水)术前禁食6~8 h,禁饮2~3 h,对照组(B组)术前禁食12 h,禁饮6 h。且经妇科检查、尿妊娠试验、B超检查证实为宫内妊娠。
1.2 麻醉方法 患者入手术室后常规鼻导管吸氧(1~2 L/min),常规无创血压(NIBP)、连续心电图(ECG)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)及呼吸频率(RR)监测。两组患者均在丙泊酚、布托啡诺、戊乙奎醚联合麻醉下手术,具体方法是:麻醉前5 min先静注戊乙奎醚0.5 mg,手术前接着静注布托啡诺20 ug/kg,然后静注丙泊酚直至患者入睡适合手术要求。两组患者根据手术时间长短和患者反应酌情追加丙泊酚20~40mg/次。
1.3 观察项目 PM-9000型多功能监测仪连续监测并记录麻醉前(T0)、术后1 min(T1)、术后5 min(T2)术后10 min(T3)血压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)变化,并记录丙泊酚用量和患者清醒时间。
1.4 效果判断 按麻醉效果分为: 优,手术期间孕妇无任何肢体活动,顺利完成手术;良,手术期间孕妇有轻微肢体活动、呻吟,但不影响操作;差,手术期间孕妇肢体活动、呻吟,影响操作,需要追加丙泊酚或其他人员按压患者肢体以手术。
1.5 统计学方法
计量资料采用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,t检验。计数资料采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 两组患者在年龄、孕产次、孕龄、体重方面差异均无统计这意义(P>0.05)。
2.2 两组患者麻醉效果比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表1。
2.3 血压、心率、血氧饱和度变化 与T0比较:A、B两组患者MAP、SPO2在T1点均明显下降,HR升高,(P<0.05)。在T1点A组有18例(18%)、B组有47例(47%)患者SPO2低于正常值95%, T2点A组有5例(5%)、B组有23例(23%)患者SPO2仍低于正常值95%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组患者的呼吸抑制、SPO2下降大部分均需托下颌解除呼吸道梗阻、甚至面罩正压给氧才缓解,而A组患者一般可自行缓解,不需特殊处理。见表2。
1)各组与麻醉前比较 P<0.05。
2) T1、T2点A、B组HR、 SPO2比较P<0.05。
2.4 丙泊酚用量 A组丙泊酚用量为(2.5±0.5)mg/kg,B组丙泊酚用量为(1.9±0.4)mg/kg,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
2.5 清醒时间 A组苏醒时间为(6.5±2.4)min,B组苏醒时间为(12.0±6.5)min,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),且A组清醒后语言清晰,清醒程度好于B组。
2.6 手术完成时间 所有患者由同1例高年资妇产科医师完成,手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 (责任编辑:南粤论文中心)转贴于南粤论文中心: http://www.nylw.net(南粤论文中心__代写代发论文_毕业论文带写_广州职称论文代发_广州论文网)