目的论视域下《庄子·养生主》的英译对比研究(2)

来源:nylw.net 作者:李欣怡 发表于:2015-08-10 09:58  点击:
【关健词】《庄子·养生主》;目的论;译本对比研究;Legge;Wats
【原文】庖丁释刀对曰:臣之所好者道也,进乎技矣。始臣之解牛之时,所见无非全牛者。三年之后,未尝见全牛也。 【Legge译】(Having finished his operation),the cook laid down his knife,and replied to the

  【原文】庖丁释刀对曰:“臣之所好者道也,进乎技矣。始臣之解牛之时,所见无非全牛者。三年之后,未尝见全牛也。”
  【Legge译】(Having finished his operation),the cook laid down his knife,and replied to the remark,What your servant loves is the method of the Tao,something in advance of any art. When I first began to cut up an ox,I saw nothing but the(entire) carcase. After three years I ceased to see it as a whole.
  【Watson译】Cook Ting laid down his knife and replied,“What I care about is the Way,which goes beyond skill. When I first began cutting up oxen,all I could see was the ox itself. After three years I no longer saw the whole ox.
  【分析】两个译本对译文的理解都有不准确的地方,“道”应该是指“规律”,Legge的译本译为“method”和Watson的译本“way”指的是“方式、方法”,与原文所要表达的意思“规律”存在一定的差距,“臣之所好者道也”这句话中的“指的是说话人自己”即“i”,Legge的译本中译为“your servant”在表达上人称与上下文不一致,容易产生理解上的歧义。Legge译本在开头加了“(Having finished his operation)”使得上下文的衔接显得不那么突兀。
  【原文】謋然己解,如土委地。
  【Legge译】The part is quickly separated,and drops like(a clod of)earth to the ground.
  【Watson译】The whole thing comes apart like a clod of earth crumbling to the ground.
  【分析】Legge译本中的“the part is quickly separated”和“the whole things”都存在有指代不清的问题,直接用“the ox comes apart”在指代上要更加清楚,“comes apart”较“quickly separated”也能更好地反映出牛肢解的渐变过程。Watson版本中的“crumbling”一词用的很形象、很出彩,采用了拟人的手法,用形容人的词语来形容泥土。
  三、总结
  总之,从目的论的角度来说Legge和Watson的译本从总体上来说都达到了基本传达了原文意思的目的,起到了宣传我国春秋战国时期文化的效果,多少存在一些对原文理解有误的地方和翻译不到位的缺憾,在用词的精确度上,表达的准确性上,翻译策略的选择上和对原文的忠实度上都是各有各有千秋的,不能单纯的从某个侧面去评价,应该从多个层面去对译文进行全面和立体的评价。
  【参考文献】
  [1] 牛新生. 从目的论视角探析企业简介翻译错误及成因[J]. 宁波大学学报(社科版), 2010,22(6).
  [2] 陈鼓应, 注译. 庄子今注今译(全三册)[M]. 北京: 中华书局出版社, 1983.
  [3] 黄 贤. 析《庄子·养生主》中的生死观[J]. 山西大同大学学报(社会科学版), 2009,23(2).

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