一、词语分隔概述
　　
　　词语分隔句就是在本应紧挨着的两个句子成分之间,插入了其它成分,从而使这两个句子成分被分隔开来。分隔现象破坏了相邻原则和固定性原则,给阅读和理解造成了一定的困难。因此,研究英语词语分隔句有助于我们更好地掌握其规律,从而提高英语阅读和理解能力。英语词语分隔句按其性质可分为四大类,即修辞性分隔、修饰性分隔、插入性分隔和倒装性分隔。(被分隔的前一部分用黑体表示,后一部分用斜体表示。)
　　(一)修辞性分隔。为了使句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,就把两个本该相连的成分拆开,这种分隔就称为修辞性分隔。例如:The story goes that William Tell did kill the tyrant with that arrow. 传说威廉?泰尔后来果真用这只箭射死了暴君。
　　(二)修饰性分隔。语法或语义关系密切的两个句子成分被起修饰作用的词语或从句分隔开来,这种分隔称为修饰性分隔。例如:He marked all the bees that came to the nearby feeding place blue. 他给所有来到附近喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色。
　　(三)插入性分隔。当说话者对所述内容进行说明、解释或阐明自己的态度、看法时,往往在句子中插入一些词语。由于在句中插入某些词语而造成的分隔,就叫插入性分隔。例如:When do you think he will come? 你认为他什么时候会来?/I found the book, on the whole, very interesting. 总起来看,我觉得这本书非常有趣。/ Her condition is, what worries me, getting worse. 使我忧虑的是,她的健康状况越来越差。/ “We know,” he said, “that her father might intercept her letters.” “我们知道,”他说,“她父亲可能会拆看她的信件的。”
　　(四)倒装性分隔。由于语法或修辞上的需要(如为了构成疑问句、为了强调、为了使句子平衡等)将某些句子成分提到前面,从而造成被提前的成分与原来相关的句子成分分隔开来。这种原因造成的分隔称为“倒装性分隔”。例如:Poor though he is, he is honest. 虽然他穷,但他很诚实。/ Very grateful we are for your help. 对你们的帮助我们非常感激。The more he works, the more he gets. 他越努力工作,他就收获越多。
　　
　　二、英语同位语与中心词的分隔
　　
　　在英语学习过程中,我们常常见到在同位语与中心词之间被其他成分分隔的现象,往往造成阅读和理解上的困难。常见的这种分隔现象有:被谓语部分分割,被连系动词分割,被助动词、情态动词分割,被中心词的定语分割,被状语分割,被宾语分割,等。
　　(一)被谓语部分分割。例如:Sometimes a fear came to him that the keeper might move his bed. 他有时感到恐惧,惟恐看守来移动他那张床铺。/ Only one problem still remains - the storage of grain. 现在只剩下一个问题:粮食的贮藏问题。/ So the two different men went their own way, the one good, the other bad. 就这样,这两个迥然不同的人各行其事,一个行善,一个作恶。
　　(二)被连系动词、助动词、情态动词分割。例如:The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said. 目击者们对他们所说的话非常肯定。/ They must both have been delayed. 他们两人肯定被耽搁了。/ We have all probably seen it. 我们大家可能都看见过它。/ Steel, iron, glass, cloth and paper can all be recycled. 钢、铁、玻璃、布和纸都能回收再用。
　　 (三)被中心词的定语分割。例如:There is one thing I will never do - tell lies. 只有一件事我决不会干——说谎。/ There were only two girls present, Mary and Ann. 只有两个姑娘在场,玛丽和安。/ Go upstairs quickly and find that letter from my nephew, the one with the photograph. 快上楼把我外甥的信找出来,夹有照片的那一封。/ She remembered the words he had spoken: the most risky action was usually the most successful. 她想起了他说过的话:最危险的行为常常是最成功的。
　　(四)被状语分割。例如:He decided to make another boat, this time a smaller one. 他决定再造一条船,这一次造一条小一点的船。/ Shanghai, once the paradise for adventures, is now the largest industrial base in China. 上海,曾经是冒险家的乐园,现在是中国最大的工业基地。
　　(五)被同位语指示词分割。例如:He likes literature, especially poetry. 他爱好文学,特别是诗歌。/ He has one child, namely, Anne. 他有一个孩子,就是安妮。/ Some of the rubbish, such as food, paper and iron rots away over a long period of time. 有些垃圾,如食物、纸张和铁器,时间久了就烂掉了。
　　(六)被同位语分割。例如:We also had quite a number of visitors, some to see us off, some to fetch things, some to do both. 来客也不少,有送行的,有拿东西的,有送行兼拿东西的。/ Facing it across the square stands another new building, the one that takes pride of place in the hearts of all China -the Great Hall of the People. 在广场另一面与历史博物馆相(下转187页)(上接185页)对矗立着另一座新建筑物,它就是在中国人民心中占着最光荣地位的一座建筑——人民大会堂。
(七)被宾语补足语分割。例如:Why, the man is mad! Or he thinks us fools, every one. 嘿,这个人真是疯啦!要不,他把我们个个都看成傻子啦。/ He saw something coming towards him, something like the roof of a pavilion. 他看到一种像亭子顶的东西向他走来。/ Tearfully, we watched him go, a tall and straight young man. 我们含着泪看着他离开我们而去:一个高大、笔直的青年。
　　(八)被宾语分割。例如:Then he can give us one dollar each. 然后他就可以给我们每人一美元。/ He was giving orders to the patrols to clear the camp and, if anyone disobeyed, to shoot on sight. 他在命令巡逻队搜索整个营地,谁不服从命令可以立即处决。
　　(九)被引述分句分割。例如:“There are rumours,” John said, “that there’s going to be new American money soon, with colors for different denominations -the way Canada has.” “有谣传说,”约翰说,“很快就要出一种新美钞了,各种不同的票面用不同的颜色,就像加拿大现在的钞票那样。” (责任编辑：南粤论文中心)转贴于南粤论文中心: http://www.nylw.net(代写代发论文_毕业论文带写_广州职称论文代发_广州论文网）